Esther
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Named at Esther 2:7, where Mordecai (WEB “He”) brings up “Hadassah, that is, Esther, his uncle’s daughter; for she had neither father nor mother. The maiden was fair and beautiful; and when her father and mother were dead, Mordecai took her for his own daughter.” At 2:8–9 Esther is taken into the king’s house, to the custody of Hegai, keeper of the women, and “The maiden pleased him”; at 2:15–17 Esther, the daughter of Abihail the uncle of Mordecai, obtains favor in the sight of all those who looked at her, is taken to King Ahasuerus into his royal house in the tenth month, which is the month Tebeth, in the seventh year of his reign, and the king sets the royal crown on her head and makes her queen instead of Vashti. At 2:20 Esther has not yet made known her relatives nor her people, as Mordecai had commanded her, and at 2:22 “Esther informed the king in Mordecai’s name.” At 4:4–17 the queen sends clothing to Mordecai; calls for Hathach and commands him to go to Mordecai; gives Hathach a message to Mordecai of the one law for whoever comes to the king into the inner court without being called; and answers Mordecai (WEB “Esther asked them to answer Mordecai”), “Go, gather together all the Jews who are present in Susa, and fast for me, and neither eat nor drink three days, night or day. I and my maidens will also fast the same way. Then I will go in to the king, which is against the law; and if I perish, I perish.” Esther 5:1–8 says that on the third day Esther put on her royal clothing and stood in the inner court of the king’s house, came near and touched the top of the scepter the king held out to her, asked that the king and Haman come to the banquet that she had prepared, and at the banquet of wine said, “let the king and Haman come to the banquet that I will prepare for them”; 7:3–6, that Esther the queen said, “let my life be given me at my petition, and my people at my request. For we are sold, I and my people, to be destroyed, to be slain, and to perish,” and, “An adversary and an enemy, even this wicked Haman!”; 8:1–5, that King Ahasuerus gave the house of Haman to Esther the queen, that Esther set Mordecai over the house of Haman, that she spoke yet again before the king, fell down at his feet and begged him with tears to put away the mischief of Haman the Agagite, and that she asked that it be written to reverse the letters devised by Haman; 9:12–13, that when the king asked her petition, Esther said, “let it be granted to the Jews who are in Susa to do tomorrow also according to today’s decree, and let Haman’s ten sons be hanged on the gallows”; and 9:29–32, that Esther the queen, the daughter of Abihail, and Mordecai the Jew wrote with all authority to confirm this second letter of Purim, and, “The commandment of Esther confirmed these matters of Purim; and it was written in the book.”
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- EST 2:5–7, engwebp
5There was a certain Jew in the citadel of Susa whose name was Mordecai, the son of Jair, the son of Shimei, the son of Kish, a Benjamite,
6who had been carried away from Jerusalem with the captives who had been carried away with Jeconiah king of Judah, whom Nebuchadnezzar the king of Babylon had carried away.
7He brought up Hadassah, that is, Esther, his uncle’s daughter; for she had neither father nor mother. The maiden was fair and beautiful; and when her father and mother were dead, Mordecai took her for his own daughter.
- EST 2:8–11, engwebp
8So, when the king’s commandment and his decree was heard, and when many maidens were gathered together to the citadel of Susa, to the custody of Hegai, Esther was taken into the king’s house, to the custody of Hegai, keeper of the women.
9The maiden pleased him, and she obtained kindness from him. He quickly gave her cosmetics and her portions of food, and the seven choice maidens who were to be given her out of the king’s house. He moved her and her maidens to the best place in the women’s house.
10Esther had not made known her people nor her relatives, because Mordecai had instructed her that she should not make it known.
11Mordecai walked every day in front of the court of the women’s house, to find out how Esther was doing, and what would become of her.
- EST 2:15–18, engwebp
15Now when the turn of Esther, the daughter of Abihail the uncle of Mordecai, who had taken her for his daughter, came to go in to the king, she required nothing but what Hegai the king’s eunuch, the keeper of the women, advised. Esther obtained favor in the sight of all those who looked at her.
16So Esther was taken to King Ahasuerus into his royal house in the tenth month, which is the month Tebeth, in the seventh year of his reign.
17The king loved Esther more than all the women, and she obtained favor and kindness in his sight more than all the virgins; so that he set the royal crown on her head, and made her queen instead of Vashti.
18Then the king made a great feast for all his princes and his servants, even Esther’s feast; and he proclaimed a holiday in the provinces, and gave gifts according to the king’s bounty.
- EST 2:19–20, engwebp
19When the virgins were gathered together the second time, Mordecai was sitting in the king’s gate.
20Esther had not yet made known her relatives nor her people, as Mordecai had commanded her; for Esther obeyed Mordecai, like she did when she was brought up by him.
- EST 2:21–23, engwebp
21In those days, while Mordecai was sitting in the king’s gate, two of the king’s eunuchs, Bigthan and Teresh, who were doorkeepers, were angry, and sought to lay hands on the King Ahasuerus.
22This thing became known to Mordecai, who informed Esther the queen; and Esther informed the king in Mordecai’s name.
23When this matter was investigated, and it was found to be so, they were both hanged on a gallows; and it was written in the book of the chronicles in the king’s presence.
- EST 4:4–9, engwebp
4Esther’s maidens and her eunuchs came and told her this, and the queen was exceedingly grieved. She sent clothing to Mordecai, to replace his sackcloth, but he didn’t receive it.
5Then Esther called for Hathach, one of the king’s eunuchs, whom he had appointed to attend her, and commanded him to go to Mordecai, to find out what this was, and why it was.
6So Hathach went out to Mordecai, to the city square which was before the king’s gate.
7Mordecai told him of all that had happened to him, and the exact sum of the money that Haman had promised to pay to the king’s treasuries for the destruction of the Jews.
8He also gave him the copy of the writing of the decree that was given out in Susa to destroy them, to show it to Esther, and to declare it to her, and to urge her to go in to the king to make supplication to him, and to make request before him for her people.
9Hathach came and told Esther the words of Mordecai.
- EST 4:10–12, engwebp
10Then Esther spoke to Hathach, and gave him a message to Mordecai:
11“All the king’s servants and the people of the king’s provinces know that whoever, whether man or woman, comes to the king into the inner court without being called, there is one law for him, that he be put to death, except those to whom the king might hold out the golden scepter, that he may live. I have not been called to come in to the king these thirty days.”
12They told Esther’s words to Mordecai.
- EST 4:13–14, engwebp
13Then Mordecai asked them to return this answer to Esther: “Don’t think to yourself that you will escape in the king’s house any more than all the Jews.
14For if you remain silent now, then relief and deliverance will come to the Jews from another place, but you and your father’s house will perish. Who knows if you haven’t come to the kingdom for such a time as this?”
- EST 4:15–17, engwebp
15Then Esther asked them to answer Mordecai,
16“Go, gather together all the Jews who are present in Susa, and fast for me, and neither eat nor drink three days, night or day. I and my maidens will also fast the same way. Then I will go in to the king, which is against the law; and if I perish, I perish.”
17So Mordecai went his way, and did according to all that Esther had commanded him.
- EST 5:1–5, engwebp
1Now on the third day, Esther put on her royal clothing and stood in the inner court of the king’s house, next to the king’s house. The king sat on his royal throne in the royal house, next to the entrance of the house.
2When the king saw Esther the queen standing in the court, she obtained favor in his sight; and the king held out to Esther the golden scepter that was in his hand. So Esther came near and touched the top of the scepter.
3Then the king asked her, “What would you like, queen Esther? What is your request? It shall be given you even to the half of the kingdom.”
4Esther said, “If it seems good to the king, let the king and Haman come today to the banquet that I have prepared for him.”
5Then the king said, “Bring Haman quickly, so that it may be done as Esther has said.” So the king and Haman came to the banquet that Esther had prepared.
- EST 5:6–8, engwebp
6The king said to Esther at the banquet of wine, “What is your petition? It shall be granted you. What is your request? Even to the half of the kingdom it shall be performed.”
7Then Esther answered and said, “My petition and my request is this.
8If I have found favor in the sight of the king, and if it pleases the king to grant my petition and to perform my request, let the king and Haman come to the banquet that I will prepare for them, and I will do tomorrow as the king has said.”
- EST 5:9–14, engwebp
9Then Haman went out that day joyful and glad of heart, but when Haman saw Mordecai in the king’s gate, that he didn’t stand up nor move for him, he was filled with wrath against Mordecai.
10Nevertheless Haman restrained himself, and went home. There, he sent and called for his friends and Zeresh his wife.
11Haman recounted to them the glory of his riches, the multitude of his children, all the things in which the king had promoted him, and how he had advanced him above the princes and servants of the king.
12Haman also said, “Yes, Esther the queen let no man come in with the king to the banquet that she had prepared but myself; and tomorrow I am also invited by her together with the king.
13Yet all this avails me nothing, so long as I see Mordecai the Jew sitting at the king’s gate.”
14Then Zeresh his wife and all his friends said to him, “Let a gallows be made fifty cubits high, and in the morning speak to the king about hanging Mordecai on it. Then go in merrily with the king to the banquet.” This pleased Haman, so he had the gallows made.
- EST 6:12–14, engwebp
12Mordecai came back to the king’s gate, but Haman hurried to his house, mourning and having his head covered.
13Haman recounted to Zeresh his wife and all his friends everything that had happened to him. Then his wise men and Zeresh his wife said to him, “If Mordecai, before whom you have begun to fall, is of Jewish descent, you will not prevail against him, but you will surely fall before him.”
14While they were yet talking with him, the king’s eunuchs came, and hurried to bring Haman to the banquet that Esther had prepared.
- EST 7:1–6, engwebp
1So the king and Haman came to banquet with Esther the queen.
2The king said again to Esther on the second day at the banquet of wine, “What is your petition, queen Esther? It shall be granted you. What is your request? Even to the half of the kingdom it shall be performed.”
3Then Esther the queen answered, “If I have found favor in your sight, O king, and if it pleases the king, let my life be given me at my petition, and my people at my request.
4For we are sold, I and my people, to be destroyed, to be slain, and to perish. But if we had been sold for male and female slaves, I would have held my peace, although the adversary could not have compensated for the king’s loss.”
5Then King Ahasuerus said to Esther the queen, “Who is he, and where is he who dared presume in his heart to do so?”
6Esther said, “An adversary and an enemy, even this wicked Haman!” Then Haman was afraid before the king and the queen.
- EST 7:7–10, engwebp
7The king arose in his wrath from the banquet of wine and went into the palace garden. Haman stood up to make request for his life to Esther the queen, for he saw that there was evil determined against him by the king.
8Then the king returned out of the palace garden into the place of the banquet of wine; and Haman had fallen on the couch where Esther was. Then the king said, “Will he even assault the queen in front of me in the house?” As the word went out of the king’s mouth, they covered Haman’s face.
9Then Harbonah, one of the eunuchs who were with the king, said, “Behold, the gallows fifty cubits high, which Haman has made for Mordecai, who spoke good for the king, is standing at Haman’s house.” The king said, “Hang him on it!”
10So they hanged Haman on the gallows that he had prepared for Mordecai. Then the king’s wrath was pacified.
- EST 8:1–2, engwebp
1On that day, King Ahasuerus gave the house of Haman, the Jews’ enemy, to Esther the queen. Mordecai came before the king; for Esther had told what he was to her.
2The king took off his ring, which he had taken from Haman, and gave it to Mordecai. Esther set Mordecai over the house of Haman.
- EST 8:3–6, engwebp
3Esther spoke yet again before the king, and fell down at his feet and begged him with tears to put away the mischief of Haman the Agagite, and his plan that he had planned against the Jews.
4Then the king held out to Esther the golden scepter. So Esther arose, and stood before the king.
5She said, “If it pleases the king, and if I have found favor in his sight, and the thing seems right to the king, and I am pleasing in his eyes, let it be written to reverse the letters devised by Haman, the son of Hammedatha the Agagite, which he wrote to destroy the Jews who are in all the king’s provinces.
6For how can I endure to see the evil that would come to my people? How can I endure to see the destruction of my relatives?”
- EST 8:7–8, engwebp
7Then King Ahasuerus said to Esther the queen and to Mordecai the Jew, “See, I have given Esther the house of Haman, and they have hanged him on the gallows because he laid his hand on the Jews.
8Write also to the Jews as it pleases you, in the king’s name, and seal it with the king’s ring; for the writing which is written in the king’s name, and sealed with the king’s ring, may not be reversed by any man.”
- EST 9:11–15, engwebp
11On that day, the number of those who were slain in the citadel of Susa was brought before the king.
12The king said to Esther the queen, “The Jews have slain and destroyed five hundred men in the citadel of Susa, including the ten sons of Haman; what then have they done in the rest of the king’s provinces! Now what is your petition? It shall be granted you. What is your further request? It shall be done.”
13Then Esther said, “If it pleases the king, let it be granted to the Jews who are in Susa to do tomorrow also according to today’s decree, and let Haman’s ten sons be hanged on the gallows.”
14The king commanded this to be done. A decree was given out in Susa; and they hanged Haman’s ten sons.
15The Jews who were in Susa gathered themselves together on the fourteenth day also of the month Adar, and killed three hundred men in Susa; but they didn’t lay their hand on the plunder.
- EST 9:29–32, engwebp
29Then Esther the queen, the daughter of Abihail, and Mordecai the Jew wrote with all authority to confirm this second letter of Purim.
30He sent letters to all the Jews in the hundred twenty-seven provinces of the kingdom of Ahasuerus with words of peace and truth,
31to confirm these days of Purim in their appointed times, as Mordecai the Jew and Esther the queen had decreed, and as they had imposed upon themselves and their descendants in the matter of the fastings and their mourning.
32The commandment of Esther confirmed these matters of Purim; and it was written in the book.
AI-assisted, human review pending, 2026-09-26
Machine comparison on 2026-10-07: the wording raised none of the 3 rules against the passages this entry cites. No person has read it.
All 19 relationships: AI-assisted, human review pending
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Abihail (father of Esther) — Father of — Esther
Evidence: Esther 2:15–18, Esther 9:29–32
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Took part in (18) — Mordecai, a Jew in the citadel of Susa, brings up Hadassah, that is, Esther, his uncle’s daughter, Esther is taken into the king’s house, to the custody of Hegai, keeper of the women, The king sets the royal crown on Esther’s head and makes her queen instead of Vashti, Mordecai sits in the king’s gate, and Esther does not make known her relatives nor her people, Bigthan and Teresh, the king’s eunuchs who were doorkeepers, seek to lay hands on the King Ahasuerus and are both hanged on a gallows, Esther calls for Hathach and commands him to go to Mordecai, to find out what this was, Esther sends word to Mordecai of the one law for whoever comes to the king without being called, Mordecai answers Esther not to think that she will escape in the king’s house any more than all the Jews, Esther answers Mordecai to gather all the Jews who are present in Susa and fast for her, The king holds out the golden scepter to Esther the queen standing in the court, and Esther asks the king and Haman to her banquet, At the banquet of wine the king asks Esther’s petition, and Esther asks that the king and Haman come to the banquet that she will prepare, At the banquet on the second day Esther the queen asks for her life and her people, and names this wicked Haman as the adversary and the enemy, Harbonah tells of the gallows standing at Haman’s house, and Haman is hanged on the gallows he had prepared for Mordecai, King Ahasuerus gives the house of Haman to Esther the queen, and the king gives Mordecai the ring he had taken from Haman, Esther falls down at the king’s feet and begs him with tears to put away the mischief of Haman the Agagite, and asks that the letters he devised be reversed, King Ahasuerus tells Esther the queen and Mordecai the Jew to write to the Jews as it pleases them, in the king’s name, The king commands it and a decree is given out in Susa, and the Jews who were in Susa kill three hundred men on the fourteenth day of Adar, Esther the queen, the daughter of Abihail, and Mordecai the Jew write with all authority to confirm the second letter of Purim
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He brought up Hadassah, that is, Esther, his uncle’s daughter; for she had neither father nor mother. The maiden was fair and beautiful; and when her father and mother were dead, Mordecai took her for his own daughter.
So, when the king’s commandment and his decree was heard, and when many maidens were gathered together to the citadel of Susa, to the custody of Hegai, Esther was taken into the king’s house, to the custody of Hegai, keeper of the women.
Esther had not made known her people nor her relatives, because Mordecai had instructed her that she should not make it known.
Mordecai walked every day in front of the court of the women’s house, to find out how Esther was doing, and what would become of her.
Now when the turn of Esther, the daughter of Abihail the uncle of Mordecai, who had taken her for his daughter, came to go in to the king, she required nothing but what Hegai the king’s eunuch, the keeper of the women, advised. Esther obtained favor in the sight of all those who looked at her.
So Esther was taken to King Ahasuerus into his royal house in the tenth month, which is the month Tebeth, in the seventh year of his reign.
The king loved Esther more than all the women, and she obtained favor and kindness in his sight more than all the virgins; so that he set the royal crown on her head, and made her queen instead of Vashti.
Then the king made a great feast for all his princes and his servants, even Esther’s feast; and he proclaimed a holiday in the provinces, and gave gifts according to the king’s bounty.
Esther had not yet made known her relatives nor her people, as Mordecai had commanded her; for Esther obeyed Mordecai, like she did when she was brought up by him.
This thing became known to Mordecai, who informed Esther the queen; and Esther informed the king in Mordecai’s name.
Esther’s maidens and her eunuchs came and told her this, and the queen was exceedingly grieved. She sent clothing to Mordecai, to replace his sackcloth, but he didn’t receive it.
Then Esther called for Hathach, one of the king’s eunuchs, whom he had appointed to attend her, and commanded him to go to Mordecai, to find out what this was, and why it was.
He also gave him the copy of the writing of the decree that was given out in Susa to destroy them, to show it to Esther, and to declare it to her, and to urge her to go in to the king to make supplication to him, and to make request before him for her people.
Hathach came and told Esther the words of Mordecai.
Then Esther spoke to Hathach, and gave him a message to Mordecai:
They told Esther’s words to Mordecai.
Then Mordecai asked them to return this answer to Esther: “Don’t think to yourself that you will escape in the king’s house any more than all the Jews.
Then Esther asked them to answer Mordecai,
So Mordecai went his way, and did according to all that Esther had commanded him.
Now on the third day, Esther put on her royal clothing and stood in the inner court of the king’s house, next to the king’s house. The king sat on his royal throne in the royal house, next to the entrance of the house.
When the king saw Esther the queen standing in the court, she obtained favor in his sight; and the king held out to Esther the golden scepter that was in his hand. So Esther came near and touched the top of the scepter.
Then the king asked her, “What would you like, queen Esther? What is your request? It shall be given you even to the half of the kingdom.”
Esther said, “If it seems good to the king, let the king and Haman come today to the banquet that I have prepared for him.”
Then the king said, “Bring Haman quickly, so that it may be done as Esther has said.” So the king and Haman came to the banquet that Esther had prepared.
The king said to Esther at the banquet of wine, “What is your petition? It shall be granted you. What is your request? Even to the half of the kingdom it shall be performed.”
Then Esther answered and said, “My petition and my request is this.
Haman also said, “Yes, Esther the queen let no man come in with the king to the banquet that she had prepared but myself; and tomorrow I am also invited by her together with the king.
While they were yet talking with him, the king’s eunuchs came, and hurried to bring Haman to the banquet that Esther had prepared.
So the king and Haman came to banquet with Esther the queen.
The king said again to Esther on the second day at the banquet of wine, “What is your petition, queen Esther? It shall be granted you. What is your request? Even to the half of the kingdom it shall be performed.”
Then Esther the queen answered, “If I have found favor in your sight, O king, and if it pleases the king, let my life be given me at my petition, and my people at my request.
Then King Ahasuerus said to Esther the queen, “Who is he, and where is he who dared presume in his heart to do so?”
Esther said, “An adversary and an enemy, even this wicked Haman!” Then Haman was afraid before the king and the queen.
The king arose in his wrath from the banquet of wine and went into the palace garden. Haman stood up to make request for his life to Esther the queen, for he saw that there was evil determined against him by the king.
Then the king returned out of the palace garden into the place of the banquet of wine; and Haman had fallen on the couch where Esther was. Then the king said, “Will he even assault the queen in front of me in the house?” As the word went out of the king’s mouth, they covered Haman’s face.
On that day, King Ahasuerus gave the house of Haman, the Jews’ enemy, to Esther the queen. Mordecai came before the king; for Esther had told what he was to her.
The king took off his ring, which he had taken from Haman, and gave it to Mordecai. Esther set Mordecai over the house of Haman.
Esther spoke yet again before the king, and fell down at his feet and begged him with tears to put away the mischief of Haman the Agagite, and his plan that he had planned against the Jews.
Then the king held out to Esther the golden scepter. So Esther arose, and stood before the king.
Then King Ahasuerus said to Esther the queen and to Mordecai the Jew, “See, I have given Esther the house of Haman, and they have hanged him on the gallows because he laid his hand on the Jews.
The king said to Esther the queen, “The Jews have slain and destroyed five hundred men in the citadel of Susa, including the ten sons of Haman; what then have they done in the rest of the king’s provinces! Now what is your petition? It shall be granted you. What is your further request? It shall be done.”
Then Esther said, “If it pleases the king, let it be granted to the Jews who are in Susa to do tomorrow also according to today’s decree, and let Haman’s ten sons be hanged on the gallows.”
Then Esther the queen, the daughter of Abihail, and Mordecai the Jew wrote with all authority to confirm this second letter of Purim.
to confirm these days of Purim in their appointed times, as Mordecai the Jew and Esther the queen had decreed, and as they had imposed upon themselves and their descendants in the matter of the fastings and their mourning.
The commandment of Esther confirmed these matters of Purim; and it was written in the book.
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[Bibliadatum entry report] Entry: Esther (person-esther) Address: https://bibliadatum.org/en/wiki/person/esther Current wording: Named at Esther 2:7, where Mordecai (WEB “He”) brings up “Hadassah, that is, Esther, his uncle’s daughter; for she had neither father nor mother. The maiden was fair and beautiful; and when her father and mother were dead, Mordecai took her for his own daughter.” At 2:8–9 Esther is taken into the king’s house, to the custody of Hegai, keeper of the women, and “The maiden pleased him”; at 2:15–17 Esther, the daughter of Abihail the uncle of Mordecai, obtains favor in the sight of all those who looked at her, is taken to King Ahasuerus into his royal house in the tenth month, which is the month Tebeth, in the seventh year of his reign, and the king sets the royal crown on her head and makes her queen instead of Vashti. At 2:20 Esther has not yet made known her relatives nor her people, as Mordecai had commanded her, and at 2:22 “Esther informed the king in Mordecai’s name.” At 4:4–17 the queen sends clothing to Mordecai; calls for Hathach and commands him to go to Mordecai; gives Hathach a message to Mordecai of the one law for whoever comes to the king into the inner court without being called; and answers Mordecai (WEB “Esther asked them to answer Mordecai”), “Go, gather together all the Jews who are present in Susa, and fast for me, and neither eat nor drink three days, night or day. I and my maidens will also fast the same way. Then I will go in to the king, which is against the law; and if I perish, I perish.” Esther 5:1–8 says that on the third day Esther put on her royal clothing and stood in the inner court of the king’s house, came near and touched the top of the scepter the king held out to her, asked that the king and Haman come to the banquet that she had prepared, and at the banquet of wine said, “let the king and Haman come to the banquet that I will prepare for them”; 7:3–6, that Esther the queen said, “let my life be given me at my petition, and my people at my request. For we are sold, I and my people, to be destroyed, to be slain, and to perish,” and, “An adversary and an enemy, even this wicked Haman!”; 8:1–5, that King Ahasuerus gave the house of Haman to Esther the queen, that Esther set Mordecai over the house of Haman, that she spoke yet again before the king, fell down at his feet and begged him with tears to put away the mischief of Haman the Agagite, and that she asked that it be written to reverse the letters devised by Haman; 9:12–13, that when the king asked her petition, Esther said, “let it be granted to the Jews who are in Susa to do tomorrow also according to today’s decree, and let Haman’s ten sons be hanged on the gallows”; and 9:29–32, that Esther the queen, the daughter of Abihail, and Mordecai the Jew wrote with all authority to confirm this second letter of Purim, and, “The commandment of Esther confirmed these matters of Purim; and it was written in the book.” Cited evidence: EST 2:5–7, engwebp / EST 2:8–11, engwebp / EST 2:15–18, engwebp / EST 2:19–20, engwebp / EST 2:21–23, engwebp / EST 4:4–9, engwebp / EST 4:10–12, engwebp / EST 4:13–14, engwebp (and 12 more of 20) Review state: ai-assisted / human-review-pending What looks wrong: (not written yet) --- This collection records what the text says and does not settle interpretation. A report about a reading that divides opinion may be registered as an unresolved issue rather than corrected.