Person

Geshem

게셈

Named at Nehemiah 2:19 as the Arabian. When Sanballat the Horonite, Tobiah the Ammonite servant, and Geshem the Arabian heard it, “they ridiculed us and despised us, and said, ‘What is this thing that you are doing? Will you rebel against the king?’”; and at 2:20 the speaker (“I”) answers them, “The God of heaven will prosper us. Therefore we, his servants, will arise and build; but you have no portion, nor right, nor memorial in Jerusalem.” Nehemiah 6:1 says, “Now when it was reported to Sanballat, Tobiah, Geshem the Arabian, and to the rest of our enemies that I had built the wall, and that there was no breach left in it”, and 6:2, “Sanballat and Geshem sent to me, saying, ‘Come! Let’s meet together in the villages in the plain of Ono.’ But they intended to harm me.”

Directly connected entries 2

Direct relationships 2

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Collected relationship evidence

Source-backed narrative relations; not independent historical verification. Legacy dates and coordinates are outside this review.

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Source evidence (2)

AI-assisted comparison with the cited narrative; not independent historical verification.

NEH 2:19–20, engwebp
¹⁹But when Sanballat the Horonite, Tobiah the Ammonite servant, and Geshem the Arabian, heard it, they ridiculed us and despised us, and said, “What is this thing that you are doing? Will you rebel against the king?”
²⁰Then I answered them, and said to them, “The God of heaven will prosper us. Therefore we, his servants, will arise and build; but you have no portion, nor right, nor memorial in Jerusalem.”
Publisher text Rights & provenance
NEH 6:1–4, engwebp
¹Now when it was reported to Sanballat, Tobiah, Geshem the Arabian, and to the rest of our enemies that I had built the wall, and that there was no breach left in it (though even to that time I had not set up the doors in the gates),
²Sanballat and Geshem sent to me, saying, “Come! Let’s meet together in the villages in the plain of Ono.” But they intended to harm me.
³I sent messengers to them, saying, “I am doing a great work, so that I can’t come down. Why should the work cease while I leave it and come down to you?”
⁴They sent to me four times like this; and I answered them the same way.
Publisher text Rights & provenance

AI-assisted, human review pending, 2026-09-26

Machine comparison on 2026-10-07: the wording raised none of the 3 rules against the passages this entry cites. No person has read it.

Unresolved interpretation: Gashmu and Geshem

Nehemiah 2:19 says, “But when Sanballat the Horonite, Tobiah the Ammonite servant, and Geshem the Arabian, heard it, they ridiculed us and despised us, and said, ‘What is this thing that you are doing? Will you rebel against the king?’”
Source evidence (1)
AI-assisted comparison with the cited narrative; not independent historical verification.
- NEH 2:19–20, engwebp
  ¹⁹But when Sanballat the Horonite, Tobiah the Ammonite servant, and Geshem the Arabian, heard it, they ridiculed us and despised us, and said, “What is this thing that you are doing? Will you rebel against the king?”
  ²⁰Then I answered them, and said to them, “The God of heaven will prosper us. Therefore we, his servants, will arise and build; but you have no portion, nor right, nor memorial in Jerusalem.”
  Publisher text Rights & provenance
Nehemiah 6:1 says, “Now when it was reported to Sanballat, Tobiah, Geshem the Arabian, and to the rest of our enemies that I had built the wall, and that there was no breach left in it”, and 6:2, “Sanballat and Geshem sent to me, saying, ‘Come! Let’s meet together in the villages in the plain of Ono.’”
Source evidence (1)
AI-assisted comparison with the cited narrative; not independent historical verification.
- NEH 6:1–4, engwebp
  ¹Now when it was reported to Sanballat, Tobiah, Geshem the Arabian, and to the rest of our enemies that I had built the wall, and that there was no breach left in it (though even to that time I had not set up the doors in the gates),
  ²Sanballat and Geshem sent to me, saying, “Come! Let’s meet together in the villages in the plain of Ono.” But they intended to harm me.
  ³I sent messengers to them, saying, “I am doing a great work, so that I can’t come down. Why should the work cease while I leave it and come down to you?”
  ⁴They sent to me four times like this; and I answered them the same way.
  Publisher text Rights & provenance
Nehemiah 6:5–6 says, “Then Sanballat sent his servant to me the same way the fifth time with an open letter in his hand, in which was written, ‘It is reported among the nations, and Gashmu says it, that you and the Jews intend to rebel. Because of that, you are building the wall.’”
Source evidence (1)
AI-assisted comparison with the cited narrative; not independent historical verification.
- NEH 6:5–9, engwebp
  ⁵Then Sanballat sent his servant to me the same way the fifth time with an open letter in his hand,
  ⁶in which was written, “It is reported among the nations, and Gashmu says it, that you and the Jews intend to rebel. Because of that, you are building the wall. You would be their king, according to these words.
  ⁷You have also appointed prophets to proclaim of you at Jerusalem, saying, ‘There is a king in Judah!’ Now it will be reported to the king according to these words. Come now therefore, and let’s take counsel together.”
  ⁸Then I sent to him, saying, “There are no such things done as you say, but you imagine them out of your own heart.”
  ⁹For they all would have made us afraid, saying, “Their hands will be weakened from the work, that it not be done.” But now, strengthen my hands.
  Publisher text Rights & provenance

Nehemiah 2:19 and 6:1–2 name Geshem the Arabian with Sanballat and Tobiah, and 6:6 gives, in the letter Sanballat sent, “It is reported among the nations, and Gashmu says it”. Both editions write the names differently: the Korean Revised Version reads 게셈 and 가스무, and WEB Geshem and Gashmu. The text does not say whether Gashmu is Geshem. This collection records Gashmu apart from Geshem, and does not decide whether they are one man.

All 2 relationships: AI-assisted, human review pending

Took part in (2) — Sanballat, Tobiah, and Geshem ridicule, and the speaker answers them, Sanballat and Geshem send to meet together in the plain of Ono

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Verses tagged with this entry

Names in the World English Bible text that carry this entry’s tag. They are carried over from the tags on the Korean Revised Version, which are matched by name inside chapters that already have collected evidence, and a verse where the English says “he” carries none. All await human review. They are a separate list from the source passages above. An empty list does not mean the entry is absent from the text.

3 verses

Nehemiah 2:19 Open that verse

But when Sanballat the Horonite, Tobiah the Ammonite servant, and Geshem the Arabian, heard it, they ridiculed us and despised us, and said, “What is this thing that you are doing? Will you rebel against the king?”

Nehemiah 6:1 Open that verse

Now when it was reported to Sanballat, Tobiah, Geshem the Arabian, and to the rest of our enemies that I had built the wall, and that there was no breach left in it (though even to that time I had not set up the doors in the gates),

Nehemiah 6:2 Open that verse

Sanballat and Geshem sent to me, saying, “Come! Let’s meet together in the villages in the plain of Ono.” But they intended to harm me.

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[Bibliadatum entry report]

Entry: Geshem (person-geshem)
Address: https://bibliadatum.org/en/wiki/person/geshem
Current wording: Named at Nehemiah 2:19 as the Arabian. When Sanballat the Horonite, Tobiah the Ammonite servant, and Geshem the Arabian heard it, “they ridiculed us and despised us, and said, ‘What is this thing that you are doing? Will you rebel against the king?’”; and at 2:20 the speaker (“I”) answers them, “The God of heaven will prosper us. Therefore we, his servants, will arise and build; but you have no portion, nor right, nor memorial in Jerusalem.” Nehemiah 6:1 says, “Now when it was reported to Sanballat, Tobiah, Geshem the Arabian, and to the rest of our enemies that I had built the wall, and that there was no breach left in it”, and 6:2, “Sanballat and Geshem sent to me, saying, ‘Come! Let’s meet together in the villages in the plain of Ono.’ But they intended to harm me.”
Cited evidence: NEH 2:19–20, engwebp / NEH 6:1–4, engwebp
Review state: ai-assisted / human-review-pending

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This collection records what the text says and does not settle interpretation. A report about a reading that divides opinion may be registered as an unresolved issue rather than corrected.