Person

Nehemiah (son of Hacaliah)

느헤미야 (하가랴의 아들)

Named at Nehemiah 1:1, which opens the words that follow as his: “The words of Nehemiah the son of Hacaliah.” In 1:1–2:20 this speaker (“I”) is in Susa the palace in the month Chislev, in the twentieth year, when Hanani, one of his brothers, comes with certain men out of Judah, and they tell the speaker, “The wall of Jerusalem is also broken down, and its gates are burned with fire.” The speaker sits down and weeps, mourns several days, and fasts and prays before the God of heaven; and the text says, “Now I was cup bearer to the king.” In the month Nisan, in the twentieth year of Artaxerxes the king, the speaker says to the king, “I ask that you would send me to Judah, to the city of my fathers’ tombs, that I may build it”, and asks for letters to the governors beyond the River and a letter to Asaph the keeper of the king’s forest; the king grants the requests, and the speaker comes to the governors beyond the River and gives them the king’s letters. The speaker comes to Jerusalem and inspects the walls by night, and says, “Come, let’s build up the wall of Jerusalem, that we won’t be disgraced”; and when Sanballat the Horonite, Tobiah the Ammonite servant, and Geshem the Arabian ridicule, the speaker answers, “The God of heaven will prosper us. Therefore we, his servants, will arise and build; but you have no portion, nor right, nor memorial in Jerusalem.” The Korean Revised Version gives the date of 1:1 with a king’s name (아닥사스다왕 제 이십년 기슬르월에), where WEB names no king. At Nehemiah 5:14–18 the speaker (“I”) says, “Moreover from the time that I was appointed to be their governor in the land of Judah, from the twentieth year even to the thirty-second year of Artaxerxes the king, that is, twelve years, I and my brothers have not eaten the bread of the governor”, and, “Yet for all this, I didn’t demand the governor’s pay, because the bondage was heavy on this people”; 6:15 says, “So the wall was finished in the twenty-fifth day of Elul, in fifty-two days.” Nehemiah 8:9 says that Nehemiah, who was the governor, Ezra the priest and scribe, and the Levites who taught the people said to all the people, “Today is holy to the LORD your God. Don’t mourn, nor weep.” The words that follow at 8:10 open in WEB with “Then he said to them”, and in the Korean Revised Version with 느헤미야가 또 이르기를. 10:1 opens the list of those who sealed: “Now those who sealed were: Nehemiah the governor, the son of Hacaliah, and Zedekiah,”. Nehemiah 12:26 says, “These were in the days of Joiakim the son of Jeshua, the son of Jozadak, and in the days of Nehemiah the governor, and of Ezra the priest and scribe”, and 12:47, “All Israel in the days of Zerubbabel and in the days of Nehemiah gave the portions of the singers and the gatekeepers, as every day required”; and in 12:31–43 and 13:4–31, which do not name him, the speaker (“I”) brings the princes of Judah up on the wall and appoints two great companies who gave thanks (12:31); was not at Jerusalem “in all this”, for in the thirty-second year of Artaxerxes king of Babylon he went to the king, and after some days asked leave of the king and came to Jerusalem (13:6–7); threw all Tobiah’s household stuff out of the room, and commanded, and they cleansed the rooms (13:8–9); contended with the rulers and with the nobles of Judah (13:11, 13:17); commanded that the doors should be shut when the gates of Jerusalem began to be dark before the Sabbath, and should not be opened until after the Sabbath (13:19); and chased from him one of the sons of Joiada, who was son-in-law to Sanballat the Horonite (13:28).

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NEH 1:1–3, engwebp
¹The words of Nehemiah the son of Hacaliah. Now in the month Chislev, in the twentieth year, as I was in Susa the palace,
²Hanani, one of my brothers, came, he and certain men out of Judah; and I asked them about the Jews who had escaped, who were left of the captivity, and concerning Jerusalem.
³They said to me, “The remnant who are left of the captivity there in the province are in great affliction and reproach. The wall of Jerusalem is also broken down, and its gates are burned with fire.”
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NEH 1:4–11, engwebp
⁴When I heard these words, I sat down and wept, and mourned several days; and I fasted and prayed before the God of heaven,
⁵and said, “I beg you, LORD, the God of heaven, the great and awesome God who keeps covenant and loving kindness with those who love him and keep his commandments,
⁶let your ear now be attentive and your eyes open, that you may listen to the prayer of your servant which I pray before you at this time, day and night, for the children of Israel your servants, while I confess the sins of the children of Israel which we have sinned against you. Yes, I and my father’s house have sinned.
⁷We have dealt very corruptly against you, and have not kept the commandments, nor the statutes, nor the ordinances, which you commanded your servant Moses.
⁸“Remember, I beg you, the word that you commanded your servant Moses, saying, ‘If you trespass, I will scatter you among the peoples;
⁹but if you return to me, and keep my commandments and do them, though your outcasts were in the uttermost part of the heavens, yet I will gather them from there, and will bring them to the place that I have chosen, to cause my name to dwell there.’
¹⁰“Now these are your servants and your people, whom you have redeemed by your great power and by your strong hand.
¹¹Lord, I beg you, let your ear be attentive now to the prayer of your servant, and to the prayer of your servants who delight to fear your name; and please prosper your servant today, and grant him mercy in the sight of this man.” Now I was cup bearer to the king.
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NEH 2:1–8, engwebp
¹In the month Nisan, in the twentieth year of Artaxerxes the king, when wine was before him, I picked up the wine, and gave it to the king. Now I had not been sad before in his presence.
²The king said to me, “Why is your face sad, since you are not sick? This is nothing else but sorrow of heart.” Then I was very much afraid.
³I said to the king, “Let the king live forever! Why shouldn’t my face be sad, when the city, the place of my fathers’ tombs, lies waste, and its gates have been consumed with fire?”
⁴Then the king said to me, “What is your request?” So I prayed to the God of heaven.
⁵I said to the king, “If it pleases the king, and if your servant has found favor in your sight, I ask that you would send me to Judah, to the city of my fathers’ tombs, that I may build it.”
⁶The king said to me (the queen was also sitting by him), “How long will your journey be? When will you return?” So it pleased the king to send me, and I set a time for him.
⁷Moreover I said to the king, “If it pleases the king, let letters be given me to the governors beyond the River, that they may let me pass through until I come to Judah;
⁸and a letter to Asaph the keeper of the king’s forest, that he may give me timber to make beams for the gates of the citadel by the temple, for the wall of the city, and for the house that I will occupy.” The king granted my requests, because of the good hand of my God on me.
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NEH 2:9–10, engwebp
⁹Then I came to the governors beyond the River, and gave them the king’s letters. Now the king had sent captains of the army and horsemen with me.
¹⁰When Sanballat the Horonite and Tobiah the Ammonite servant heard of it, it grieved them exceedingly, because a man had come to seek the welfare of the children of Israel.
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NEH 2:11–16, engwebp
¹¹So I came to Jerusalem, and was there three days.
¹²I arose in the night, I and a few men with me. I didn’t tell anyone what my God put into my heart to do for Jerusalem. There wasn’t any animal with me except the animal that I rode on.
¹³I went out by night by the valley gate toward the jackal’s well, then to the dung gate; and I inspected the walls of Jerusalem, which were broken down, and its gates were consumed with fire.
¹⁴Then I went on to the spring gate and to the king’s pool, but there was no place for the animal that was under me to pass.
¹⁵Then I went up in the night by the brook and inspected the wall; and I turned back, and entered by the valley gate, and so returned.
¹⁶The rulers didn’t know where I went, or what I did. I had not as yet told it to the Jews, nor to the priests, nor to the nobles, nor to the rulers, nor to the rest who did the work.
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NEH 2:17–18, engwebp
¹⁷Then I said to them, “You see the bad situation that we are in, how Jerusalem lies waste, and its gates are burned with fire. Come, let’s build up the wall of Jerusalem, that we won’t be disgraced.”
¹⁸I told them about the hand of my God which was good on me, and also about the king’s words that he had spoken to me. They said, “Let’s rise up and build.” So they strengthened their hands for the good work.
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NEH 2:19–20, engwebp
¹⁹But when Sanballat the Horonite, Tobiah the Ammonite servant, and Geshem the Arabian, heard it, they ridiculed us and despised us, and said, “What is this thing that you are doing? Will you rebel against the king?”
²⁰Then I answered them, and said to them, “The God of heaven will prosper us. Therefore we, his servants, will arise and build; but you have no portion, nor right, nor memorial in Jerusalem.”
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NEH 4:1–3, engwebp
¹But when Sanballat heard that we were building the wall, he was angry, and was very indignant, and mocked the Jews.
²He spoke before his brothers and the army of Samaria, and said, “What are these feeble Jews doing? Will they fortify themselves? Will they sacrifice? Will they finish in a day? Will they revive the stones out of the heaps of rubbish, since they are burned?”
³Now Tobiah the Ammonite was by him, and he said, “What they are building, if a fox climbed up it, he would break down their stone wall.”
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NEH 4:4–6, engwebp
⁴“Hear, our God, for we are despised. Turn back their reproach on their own head. Give them up for a plunder in a land of captivity.
⁵Don’t cover their iniquity. Don’t let their sin be blotted out from before you; for they have insulted the builders.”
⁶So we built the wall; and all the wall was joined together to half its height, for the people had a mind to work.
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NEH 4:7–9, engwebp
⁷But when Sanballat, Tobiah, the Arabians, the Ammonites, and the Ashdodites heard that the repairing of the walls of Jerusalem went forward, and that the breaches began to be filled, they were very angry;
⁸and they all conspired together to come and fight against Jerusalem, and to cause confusion among us.
⁹But we made our prayer to our God, and set a watch against them day and night because of them.
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NEH 4:10–12, engwebp
¹⁰Judah said, “The strength of the bearers of burdens is fading and there is much rubble, so that we are not able to build the wall.”
¹¹Our adversaries said, “They will not know or see, until we come in among them and kill them, and cause the work to cease.”
¹²When the Jews who lived by them came, they said to us ten times from all places, “Wherever you turn, they will attack us.”
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NEH 4:13–14, engwebp
¹³Therefore I set guards in the lowest parts of the space behind the wall, in the open places. I set the people by family groups with their swords, their spears, and their bows.
¹⁴I looked, and rose up, and said to the nobles, to the rulers, and to the rest of the people, “Don’t be afraid of them! Remember the Lord, who is great and awesome, and fight for your brothers, your sons, your daughters, your wives, and your houses.”
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NEH 4:15–20, engwebp
¹⁵When our enemies heard that it was known to us, and God had brought their counsel to nothing, all of us returned to the wall, everyone to his work.
¹⁶From that time forth, half of my servants did the work, and half of them held the spears, the shields, the bows, and the coats of mail; and the rulers were behind all the house of Judah.
¹⁷Those who built the wall, and those who bore burdens loaded themselves; everyone with one of his hands did the work, and with the other held his weapon.
¹⁸Among the builders, everyone wore his sword at his side, and so built. He who sounded the trumpet was by me.
¹⁹I said to the nobles, and to the rulers and to the rest of the people, “The work is great and widely spread out, and we are separated on the wall, far from one another.
²⁰Wherever you hear the sound of the trumpet, rally there to us. Our God will fight for us.”
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NEH 4:21–23, engwebp
²¹So we did the work. Half of the people held the spears from the rising of the morning until the stars appeared.
²²Likewise at the same time I said to the people, “Let everyone with his servant lodge within Jerusalem, that in the night they may be a guard to us, and may labor in the day.”
²³So neither I, nor my brothers, nor my servants, nor the men of the guard who followed me took off our clothes. Everyone took his weapon to the water.
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NEH 5:6–13, engwebp
⁶I was very angry when I heard their cry and these words.
⁷Then I consulted with myself, and contended with the nobles and the rulers, and said to them, “You exact usury, everyone of his brother.” I held a great assembly against them.
⁸I said to them, “We, after our ability, have redeemed our brothers the Jews that were sold to the nations; and would you even sell your brothers, and should they be sold to us?” Then they held their peace, and found not a word to say.
⁹Also I said, “The thing that you do is not good. Shouldn’t you walk in the fear of our God because of the reproach of the nations, our enemies?
¹⁰I likewise, my brothers and my servants, lend them money and grain. Please let us stop this usury.
¹¹Please restore to them, even today, their fields, their vineyards, their olive groves, and their houses, also the hundredth part of the money, and of the grain, the new wine, and the oil, that you are charging them.”
¹²Then they said, “We will restore them, and will require nothing of them. We will do so, even as you say.” Then I called the priests, and took an oath of them, that they would do according to this promise.
¹³Also I shook out my lap, and said, “So may God shake out every man from his house, and from his labor, that doesn’t perform this promise; even may he be shaken out and emptied like this.” All the assembly said, “Amen,” and praised the LORD. The people did according to this promise.
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NEH 5:14–19, engwebp
¹⁴Moreover from the time that I was appointed to be their governor in the land of Judah, from the twentieth year even to the thirty-second year of Artaxerxes the king, that is, twelve years, I and my brothers have not eaten the bread of the governor.
¹⁵But the former governors who were before me were supported by the people, and took bread and wine from them, plus forty shekels of silver; yes, even their servants ruled over the people, but I didn’t do so, because of the fear of God.
¹⁶Yes, I also continued in the work of this wall. We didn’t buy any land. All my servants were gathered there to the work.
¹⁷Moreover there were at my table, of the Jews and the rulers, one hundred fifty men, in addition to those who came to us from among the nations that were around us.
¹⁸Now that which was prepared for one day was one ox and six choice sheep. Also fowls were prepared for me, and once in ten days a store of all sorts of wine. Yet for all this, I didn’t demand the governor’s pay, because the bondage was heavy on this people.
¹⁹Remember me, my God, for all the good that I have done for this people.
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NEH 6:1–4, engwebp
¹Now when it was reported to Sanballat, Tobiah, Geshem the Arabian, and to the rest of our enemies that I had built the wall, and that there was no breach left in it (though even to that time I had not set up the doors in the gates),
²Sanballat and Geshem sent to me, saying, “Come! Let’s meet together in the villages in the plain of Ono.” But they intended to harm me.
³I sent messengers to them, saying, “I am doing a great work, so that I can’t come down. Why should the work cease while I leave it and come down to you?”
⁴They sent to me four times like this; and I answered them the same way.
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NEH 6:5–9, engwebp
⁵Then Sanballat sent his servant to me the same way the fifth time with an open letter in his hand,
⁶in which was written, “It is reported among the nations, and Gashmu says it, that you and the Jews intend to rebel. Because of that, you are building the wall. You would be their king, according to these words.
⁷You have also appointed prophets to proclaim of you at Jerusalem, saying, ‘There is a king in Judah!’ Now it will be reported to the king according to these words. Come now therefore, and let’s take counsel together.”
⁸Then I sent to him, saying, “There are no such things done as you say, but you imagine them out of your own heart.”
⁹For they all would have made us afraid, saying, “Their hands will be weakened from the work, that it not be done.” But now, strengthen my hands.
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NEH 6:10–14, engwebp
¹⁰I went to the house of Shemaiah the son of Delaiah the son of Mehetabel, who was shut in at his home; and he said, “Let us meet together in God’s house, within the temple, and let’s shut the doors of the temple; for they will come to kill you. Yes, in the night they will come to kill you.”
¹¹I said, “Should a man like me flee? Who is there that, being such as I, would go into the temple to save his life? I will not go in.”
¹²I discerned, and behold, God had not sent him, but he pronounced this prophecy against me. Tobiah and Sanballat had hired him.
¹³He was hired so that I would be afraid, do so, and sin, and that they might have material for an evil report, that they might reproach me.
¹⁴“Remember, my God, Tobiah and Sanballat according to these their works, and also the prophetess Noadiah and the rest of the prophets that would have put me in fear.”
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NEH 6:15–16, engwebp
¹⁵So the wall was finished in the twenty-fifth day of Elul, in fifty-two days.
¹⁶When all our enemies heard of it, all the nations that were around us were afraid, and they lost their confidence; for they perceived that this work was done by our God.
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NEH 6:17–19, engwebp
¹⁷Moreover in those days the nobles of Judah sent many letters to Tobiah, and Tobiah’s letters came to them.
¹⁸For there were many in Judah sworn to him because he was the son-in-law of Shecaniah the son of Arah; and his son Jehohanan had taken the daughter of Meshullam the son of Berechiah as wife.
¹⁹Also they spoke of his good deeds before me, and reported my words to him. Tobiah sent letters to put me in fear.
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NEH 7:1–3, engwebp
¹Now when the wall was built and I had set up the doors, and the gatekeepers and the singers and the Levites were appointed,
²I put my brother Hanani, and Hananiah the governor of the fortress, in charge of Jerusalem; for he was a faithful man and feared God above many.
³I said to them, “Don’t let the gates of Jerusalem be opened until the sun is hot; and while they stand guard, let them shut the doors, and you bar them; and appoint watches of the inhabitants of Jerusalem, everyone in his watch, with everyone near his house.”
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NEH 7:4–5, engwebp
⁴Now the city was wide and large; but the people were few therein, and the houses were not built.
⁵My God put into my heart to gather together the nobles, and the rulers, and the people, that they might be listed by genealogy. I found the book of the genealogy of those who came up at the first, and I found this written in it:
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NEH 8:9–12, engwebp
⁹Nehemiah, who was the governor, Ezra the priest and scribe, and the Levites who taught the people said to all the people, “Today is holy to the LORD your God. Don’t mourn, nor weep.” For all the people wept when they heard the words of the law.
¹⁰Then he said to them, “Go your way. Eat the fat, drink the sweet, and send portions to him for whom nothing is prepared, for today is holy to our Lord. Don’t be grieved, for the joy of the LORD is your strength.”
¹¹So the Levites calmed all the people, saying, “Hold your peace, for the day is holy. Don’t be grieved.”
¹²All the people went their way to eat, to drink, to send portions, and to celebrate, because they had understood the words that were declared to them.
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NEH 10:1–27, engwebp
¹Now those who sealed were: Nehemiah the governor, the son of Hacaliah, and Zedekiah,
²Seraiah, Azariah, Jeremiah,
³Pashhur, Amariah, Malchijah,
⁴Hattush, Shebaniah, Malluch,
⁵Harim, Meremoth, Obadiah,
⁶Daniel, Ginnethon, Baruch,
⁷Meshullam, Abijah, Mijamin,
⁸Maaziah, Bilgai, and Shemaiah. These were the priests.
⁹The Levites: Jeshua the son of Azaniah, Binnui of the sons of Henadad, Kadmiel;
¹⁰and their brothers, Shebaniah, Hodiah, Kelita, Pelaiah, Hanan,
¹¹Mica, Rehob, Hashabiah,
¹²Zaccur, Sherebiah, Shebaniah,
¹³Hodiah, Bani, and Beninu.
¹⁴The chiefs of the people: Parosh, Pahathmoab, Elam, Zattu, Bani,
¹⁵Bunni, Azgad, Bebai,
¹⁶Adonijah, Bigvai, Adin,
¹⁷Ater, Hezekiah, Azzur,
¹⁸Hodiah, Hashum, Bezai,
¹⁹Hariph, Anathoth, Nobai,
²⁰Magpiash, Meshullam, Hezir,
²¹Meshezabel, Zadok, Jaddua,
²²Pelatiah, Hanan, Anaiah,
²³Hoshea, Hananiah, Hasshub,
²⁴Hallohesh, Pilha, Shobek,
²⁵Rehum, Hashabnah, Maaseiah,
²⁶Ahiah, Hanan, Anan,
²⁷Malluch, Harim, and Baanah.
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NEH 12:22–26, engwebp
²²As for the Levites, in the days of Eliashib, Joiada, Johanan, and Jaddua, there were recorded the heads of fathers’ households; also the priests, in the reign of Darius the Persian.
²³The sons of Levi, heads of fathers’ households, were written in the book of the chronicles, even until the days of Johanan the son of Eliashib.
²⁴The chiefs of the Levites: Hashabiah, Sherebiah, and Jeshua the son of Kadmiel, with their brothers close to them, to praise and give thanks according to the commandment of David the man of God, section next to section.
²⁵Mattaniah, Bakbukiah, Obadiah, Meshullam, Talmon, and Akkub were gatekeepers keeping the watch at the storehouses of the gates.
²⁶These were in the days of Joiakim the son of Jeshua, the son of Jozadak, and in the days of Nehemiah the governor, and of Ezra the priest and scribe.
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NEH 12:31–37, engwebp
³¹Then I brought the princes of Judah up on the wall, and appointed two great companies who gave thanks and went in procession. One went on the right hand on the wall toward the dung gate;
³²and after them went Hoshaiah, with half of the princes of Judah,
³³and Azariah, Ezra, and Meshullam,
³⁴Judah, Benjamin, Shemaiah, Jeremiah,
³⁵and some of the priests’ sons with trumpets: Zechariah the son of Jonathan, the son of Shemaiah, the son of Mattaniah, the son of Micaiah, the son of Zaccur, the son of Asaph;
³⁶and his brothers, Shemaiah, Azarel, Milalai, Gilalai, Maai, Nethanel, Judah, and Hanani, with the musical instruments of David the man of God; and Ezra the scribe was before them.
³⁷By the spring gate, and straight before them, they went up by the stairs of David’s city, at the ascent of the wall, above David’s house, even to the water gate eastward.
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NEH 12:38–43, engwebp
³⁸The other company of those who gave thanks went to meet them, and I after them, with the half of the people on the wall above the tower of the furnaces, even to the wide wall,
³⁹and above the gate of Ephraim, and by the old gate, and by the fish gate, the tower of Hananel, and the tower of Hammeah, even to the sheep gate; and they stood still in the gate of the guard.
⁴⁰So the two companies of those who gave thanks in God’s house stood, and I and the half of the rulers with me;
⁴¹and the priests, Eliakim, Maaseiah, Miniamin, Micaiah, Elioenai, Zechariah, and Hananiah, with trumpets;
⁴²and Maaseiah, Shemaiah, Eleazar, Uzzi, Jehohanan, Malchijah, Elam, and Ezer. The singers sang loud, with Jezrahiah their overseer.
⁴³They offered great sacrifices that day, and rejoiced, for God had made them rejoice with great joy; and the women and the children also rejoiced, so that the joy of Jerusalem was heard even far away.
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NEH 12:44–47, engwebp
⁴⁴On that day, men were appointed over the rooms for the treasures, for the wave offerings, for the first fruits, and for the tithes, to gather into them according to the fields of the cities the portions appointed by the law for the priests and Levites; for Judah rejoiced for the priests and for the Levites who served.
⁴⁵They performed the duty of their God and the duty of the purification, and so did the singers and the gatekeepers, according to the commandment of David and of Solomon his son.
⁴⁶For in the days of David and Asaph of old there was a chief of the singers, and songs of praise and thanksgiving to God.
⁴⁷All Israel in the days of Zerubbabel and in the days of Nehemiah gave the portions of the singers and the gatekeepers, as every day required; and they set apart that which was for the Levites; and the Levites set apart that which was for the sons of Aaron.
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NEH 13:4–9, engwebp
⁴Now before this, Eliashib the priest, who was appointed over the rooms of the house of our God, being allied to Tobiah,
⁵had prepared for him a great room, where previously they laid the meal offerings, the frankincense, the vessels, and the tithes of the grain, the new wine, and the oil, which were given by commandment to the Levites, the singers, and the gatekeepers; and the wave offerings for the priests.
⁶But in all this, I was not at Jerusalem; for in the thirty-second year of Artaxerxes king of Babylon I went to the king; and after some days I asked leave of the king,
⁷and I came to Jerusalem, and understood the evil that Eliashib had done for Tobiah, in preparing him a room in the courts of God’s house.
⁸It grieved me severely. Therefore I threw all Tobiah’s household stuff out of the room.
⁹Then I commanded, and they cleansed the rooms. I brought into them the vessels of God’s house, with the meal offerings and the frankincense again.
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NEH 13:10–14, engwebp
¹⁰I perceived that the portions of the Levites had not been given them, so that the Levites and the singers, who did the work, had each fled to his field.
¹¹Then I contended with the rulers, and said, “Why is God’s house forsaken?” I gathered them together, and set them in their place.
¹²Then all Judah brought the tithe of the grain, the new wine, and the oil to the treasuries.
¹³I made treasurers over the treasuries, Shelemiah the priest, and Zadok the scribe, and of the Levites, Pedaiah: and next to them was Hanan the son of Zaccur, the son of Mattaniah; for they were counted faithful, and their business was to distribute to their brothers.
¹⁴Remember me, my God, concerning this, and don’t wipe out my good deeds that I have done for the house of my God, and for its observances.
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NEH 13:15–22, engwebp
¹⁵In those days I saw some men treading wine presses on the Sabbath in Judah, bringing in sheaves, and loading donkeys with wine, grapes, figs, and all kinds of burdens which they brought into Jerusalem on the Sabbath day; and I testified against them in the day in which they sold food.
¹⁶Some men of Tyre also lived there, who brought in fish and all kinds of wares, and sold on the Sabbath to the children of Judah, and in Jerusalem.
¹⁷Then I contended with the nobles of Judah, and said to them, “What evil thing is this that you do, and profane the Sabbath day?
¹⁸Didn’t your fathers do this, and didn’t our God bring all this evil on us and on this city? Yet you bring more wrath on Israel by profaning the Sabbath.”
¹⁹It came to pass that when the gates of Jerusalem began to be dark before the Sabbath, I commanded that the doors should be shut, and commanded that they should not be opened until after the Sabbath. I set some of my servants over the gates, so that no burden should be brought in on the Sabbath day.
²⁰So the merchants and sellers of all kinds of wares camped outside of Jerusalem once or twice.
²¹Then I testified against them, and said to them, “Why do you stay around the wall? If you do so again, I will lay hands on you.” From that time on, they didn’t come on the Sabbath.
²²I commanded the Levites that they should purify themselves, and that they should come and keep the gates, to sanctify the Sabbath day. Remember me for this also, my God, and spare me according to the greatness of your loving kindness.
Publisher text Rights & provenance
NEH 13:23–29, engwebp
²³In those days I also saw the Jews who had married women of Ashdod, of Ammon, and of Moab;
²⁴and their children spoke half in the speech of Ashdod, and could not speak in the Jews’ language, but according to the language of each people.
²⁵I contended with them, cursed them, struck certain of them, plucked off their hair, and made them swear by God, “You shall not give your daughters to their sons, nor take their daughters for your sons, or for yourselves.
²⁶Didn’t Solomon king of Israel sin by these things? Yet among many nations there was no king like him, and he was loved by his God, and God made him king over all Israel. Nevertheless foreign women caused even him to sin.
²⁷Shall we then listen to you to do all this great evil, to trespass against our God in marrying foreign women?”
²⁸One of the sons of Joiada, the son of Eliashib the high priest, was son-in-law to Sanballat the Horonite; therefore I chased him from me.
²⁹Remember them, my God, because they have defiled the priesthood and the covenant of the priesthood and of the Levites.
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NEH 13:30–31, engwebp
³⁰Thus I cleansed them from all foreigners and appointed duties for the priests and for the Levites, everyone in his work;
³¹and for the wood offering, at appointed times, and for the first fruits. Remember me, my God, for good.
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AI-assisted, human review pending, 2026-09-26

Machine comparison on 2026-10-07: the wording raised none of the 3 rules against the passages this entry cites. No person has read it.

Unresolved interpretation: Nehemiah of Ezra 2:2 and Nehemiah son of Hacaliah

Ezra 2:1–2 says of the children of the province who went up out of the captivity and returned to Jerusalem and Judah that they came “with Zerubbabel, Jeshua, Nehemiah, Seraiah, Reelaiah, Mordecai, Bilshan, Mispar, Bigvai, Rehum, and Baanah.”
Source evidence (1)
AI-assisted comparison with the cited narrative; not independent historical verification.
- EZR 2:1–2, engwebp
  ¹Now these are the children of the province who went up out of the captivity of those who had been carried away, whom Nebuchadnezzar the king of Babylon had carried away to Babylon, and who returned to Jerusalem and Judah, everyone to his city;
  ²who came with Zerubbabel, Jeshua, Nehemiah, Seraiah, Reelaiah, Mordecai, Bilshan, Mispar, Bigvai, Rehum, and Baanah. The number of the men of the people of Israel:
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Nehemiah 7:6–7 says of the children of the province who went up out of the captivity and returned to Jerusalem and to Judah that they came “with Zerubbabel, Jeshua, Nehemiah, Azariah, Raamiah, Nahamani, Mordecai, Bilshan, Mispereth, Bigvai, Nehum, and Baanah.”
Source evidence (1)
AI-assisted comparison with the cited narrative; not independent historical verification.
- NEH 7:6–7, engwebp
  ⁶These are the children of the province who went up out of the captivity of those who had been carried away, whom Nebuchadnezzar the king of Babylon had carried away, and who returned to Jerusalem and to Judah, everyone to his city,
  ⁷who came with Zerubbabel, Jeshua, Nehemiah, Azariah, Raamiah, Nahamani, Mordecai, Bilshan, Mispereth, Bigvai, Nehum, and Baanah. The number of the men of the people of Israel:
  Publisher text Rights & provenance
Nehemiah 1:1 opens, “The words of Nehemiah the son of Hacaliah. Now in the month Chislev, in the twentieth year, as I was in Susa the palace,”.
Source evidence (1)
AI-assisted comparison with the cited narrative; not independent historical verification.
- NEH 1:1–3, engwebp
  ¹The words of Nehemiah the son of Hacaliah. Now in the month Chislev, in the twentieth year, as I was in Susa the palace,
  ²Hanani, one of my brothers, came, he and certain men out of Judah; and I asked them about the Jews who had escaped, who were left of the captivity, and concerning Jerusalem.
  ³They said to me, “The remnant who are left of the captivity there in the province are in great affliction and reproach. The wall of Jerusalem is also broken down, and its gates are burned with fire.”
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Nehemiah 12:47 says, “All Israel in the days of Zerubbabel and in the days of Nehemiah gave the portions of the singers and the gatekeepers, as every day required”.
Source evidence (1)
AI-assisted comparison with the cited narrative; not independent historical verification.
- NEH 12:44–47, engwebp
  ⁴⁴On that day, men were appointed over the rooms for the treasures, for the wave offerings, for the first fruits, and for the tithes, to gather into them according to the fields of the cities the portions appointed by the law for the priests and Levites; for Judah rejoiced for the priests and for the Levites who served.
  ⁴⁵They performed the duty of their God and the duty of the purification, and so did the singers and the gatekeepers, according to the commandment of David and of Solomon his son.
  ⁴⁶For in the days of David and Asaph of old there was a chief of the singers, and songs of praise and thanksgiving to God.
  ⁴⁷All Israel in the days of Zerubbabel and in the days of Nehemiah gave the portions of the singers and the gatekeepers, as every day required; and they set apart that which was for the Levites; and the Levites set apart that which was for the sons of Aaron.
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Ezra 2:2 and Nehemiah 7:7 name a Nehemiah, with no father, among those named with Zerubbabel and Jeshua; Nehemiah 1:1 opens, “The words of Nehemiah the son of Hacaliah”; and 12:47 names “the days of Zerubbabel and … the days of Nehemiah” together. The text does not say whether the Nehemiah of Ezra 2:2 and Nehemiah 7:7, or the Nehemiah of 12:47, is Nehemiah the son of Hacaliah. This collection reads 12:47 as his and gives it to his entry as evidence, records the Nehemiah of the two rosters as a name of each roster, links it to no entry, and does not decide whether they are the same man.

All 34 relationships: AI-assisted, human review pending

Verses tagged with this entry

Names in the World English Bible text that carry this entry’s tag. They are carried over from the tags on the Korean Revised Version, which are matched by name inside chapters that already have collected evidence, and a verse where the English says “he” carries none. All await human review. They are a separate list from the source passages above. An empty list does not mean the entry is absent from the text.

5 verses

Nehemiah 1:1 Open that verse

The words of Nehemiah the son of Hacaliah. Now in the month Chislev, in the twentieth year, as I was in Susa the palace,

Nehemiah 8:9 Open that verse

Nehemiah, who was the governor, Ezra the priest and scribe, and the Levites who taught the people said to all the people, “Today is holy to the LORD your God. Don’t mourn, nor weep.” For all the people wept when they heard the words of the law.

Nehemiah 10:1 Open that verse

Now those who sealed were: Nehemiah the governor, the son of Hacaliah, and Zedekiah,

Nehemiah 12:26 Open that verse

These were in the days of Joiakim the son of Jeshua, the son of Jozadak, and in the days of Nehemiah the governor, and of Ezra the priest and scribe.

Nehemiah 12:47 Open that verse

All Israel in the days of Zerubbabel and in the days of Nehemiah gave the portions of the singers and the gatekeepers, as every day required; and they set apart that which was for the Levites; and the Levites set apart that which was for the sons of Aaron.

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[Bibliadatum entry report]

Entry: Nehemiah (son of Hacaliah) (person-nehemiah-hacaliah)
Address: https://bibliadatum.org/en/wiki/person/nehemiah-hacaliah
Current wording: Named at Nehemiah 1:1, which opens the words that follow as his: “The words of Nehemiah the son of Hacaliah.” In 1:1–2:20 this speaker (“I”) is in Susa the palace in the month Chislev, in the twentieth year, when Hanani, one of his brothers, comes with certain men out of Judah, and they tell the speaker, “The wall of Jerusalem is also broken down, and its gates are burned with fire.” The speaker sits down and weeps, mourns several days, and fasts and prays before the God of heaven; and the text says, “Now I was cup bearer to the king.” In the month Nisan, in the twentieth year of Artaxerxes the king, the speaker says to the king, “I ask that you would send me to Judah, to the city of my fathers’ tombs, that I may build it”, and asks for letters to the governors beyond the River and a letter to Asaph the keeper of the king’s forest; the king grants the requests, and the speaker comes to the governors beyond the River and gives them the king’s letters. The speaker comes to Jerusalem and inspects the walls by night, and says, “Come, let’s build up the wall of Jerusalem, that we won’t be disgraced”; and when Sanballat the Horonite, Tobiah the Ammonite servant, and Geshem the Arabian ridicule, the speaker answers, “The God of heaven will prosper us. Therefore we, his servants, will arise and build; but you have no portion, nor right, nor memorial in Jerusalem.” The Korean Revised Version gives the date of 1:1 with a king’s name (아닥사스다왕 제 이십년 기슬르월에), where WEB names no king. At Nehemiah 5:14–18 the speaker (“I”) says, “Moreover from the time that I was appointed to be their governor in the land of Judah, from the twentieth year even to the thirty-second year of Artaxerxes the king, that is, twelve years, I and my brothers have not eaten the bread of the governor”, and, “Yet for all this, I didn’t demand the governor’s pay, because the bondage was heavy on this people”; 6:15 says, “So the wall was finished in the twenty-fifth day of Elul, in fifty-two days.” Nehemiah 8:9 says that Nehemiah, who was the governor, Ezra the priest and scribe, and the Levites who taught the people said to all the people, “Today is holy to the LORD your God. Don’t mourn, nor weep.” The words that follow at 8:10 open in WEB with “Then he said to them”, and in the Korean Revised Version with 느헤미야가 또 이르기를. 10:1 opens the list of those who sealed: “Now those who sealed were: Nehemiah the governor, the son of Hacaliah, and Zedekiah,”. Nehemiah 12:26 says, “These were in the days of Joiakim the son of Jeshua, the son of Jozadak, and in the days of Nehemiah the governor, and of Ezra the priest and scribe”, and 12:47, “All Israel in the days of Zerubbabel and in the days of Nehemiah gave the portions of the singers and the gatekeepers, as every day required”; and in 12:31–43 and 13:4–31, which do not name him, the speaker (“I”) brings the princes of Judah up on the wall and appoints two great companies who gave thanks (12:31); was not at Jerusalem “in all this”, for in the thirty-second year of Artaxerxes king of Babylon he went to the king, and after some days asked leave of the king and came to Jerusalem (13:6–7); threw all Tobiah’s household stuff out of the room, and commanded, and they cleansed the rooms (13:8–9); contended with the rulers and with the nobles of Judah (13:11, 13:17); commanded that the doors should be shut when the gates of Jerusalem began to be dark before the Sabbath, and should not be opened until after the Sabbath (13:19); and chased from him one of the sons of Joiada, who was son-in-law to Sanballat the Horonite (13:28).
Cited evidence: NEH 1:1–3, engwebp / NEH 1:4–11, engwebp / NEH 2:1–8, engwebp / NEH 2:9–10, engwebp / NEH 2:11–16, engwebp / NEH 2:17–18, engwebp / NEH 2:19–20, engwebp / NEH 4:1–3, engwebp (and 26 more of 34)
Review state: ai-assisted / human-review-pending

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