Person

Shammah (the Hararite)

삼마 (하랄 사람)

Named at 2 Samuel 23:33 as “Shammah the Hararite”. The name stands among those that 23:24–39 opens with “Asahel the brother of Joab was one of the thirty” and closes with “thirty-seven in all”. This collection keeps him apart from the Shammah the Hararite of 23:11 and does not decide whether they are the same man.

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Source-backed narrative relations; not independent historical verification. Legacy dates and coordinates are outside this review.

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Source evidence (1)

AI-assisted comparison with the cited narrative; not independent historical verification.

2SA 23:24–39, engwebp
²⁴Asahel the brother of Joab was one of the thirty: Elhanan the son of Dodo of Bethlehem,
²⁵Shammah the Harodite, Elika the Harodite,
²⁶Helez the Paltite, Ira the son of Ikkesh the Tekoite,
²⁷Abiezer the Anathothite, Mebunnai the Hushathite,
²⁸Zalmon the Ahohite, Maharai the Netophathite,
²⁹Heleb the son of Baanah the Netophathite, Ittai the son of Ribai of Gibeah of the children of Benjamin,
³⁰Benaiah a Pirathonite, Hiddai of the brooks of Gaash.
³¹Abialbon the Arbathite, Azmaveth the Barhumite,
³²Eliahba the Shaalbonite, the sons of Jashen, Jonathan,
³³Shammah the Hararite, Ahiam the son of Sharar the Ararite,
³⁴Eliphelet the son of Ahasbai, the son of the Maacathite, Eliam the son of Ahithophel the Gilonite,
³⁵Hezro the Carmelite, Paarai the Arbite,
³⁶Igal the son of Nathan of Zobah, Bani the Gadite,
³⁷Zelek the Ammonite, Naharai the Beerothite, armor bearers to Joab the son of Zeruiah,
³⁸Ira the Ithrite, Gareb the Ithrite,
³⁹and Uriah the Hittite: thirty-seven in all.
Publisher text Rights & provenance

AI-assisted, human review pending, 2026-09-26

Machine comparison on 2026-10-07: the wording raised none of the 3 rules against the passages this entry cites. No person has read it.

Unresolved interpretation: “Thirty-seven in all” at 2 Samuel 23:39 and the names of 23:8–39

In 2 Samuel 23:8–23 the Korean Revised Version names five mighty men: Josheb Basshebeth, also called Adino (23:8), Eleazar the son of Dodai (23:9), Shammah the son of Agee (23:11), Abishai the brother of Joab (23:18) and Benaiah the son of Jehoiada (23:20). At 23:24–39 it names thirty-one men in a list that begins with Asahel the brother of Joab and ends with Uriah the Hittite (the fathers the list names, and Joab and Zeruiah, are not counted as its men), and closes with 이상 도합이 삼십 칠인이었더라, thirty-seven in all. The mighty men it names in 23:8–39 are thirty-six.
Source evidence (6)
AI-assisted comparison with the cited narrative; not independent historical verification.
- 2SA 23:8, engwebp
  ⁸These are the names of the mighty men whom David had: Josheb Basshebeth, a Tahchemonite, chief of the captains; he was called Adino the Eznite, who killed eight hundred at one time.
  Publisher text Rights & provenance
- 2SA 23:9–10, engwebp
  ⁹After him was Eleazar the son of Dodai the son of an Ahohite, one of the three mighty men with David when they defied the Philistines who were there gathered together to battle, and the men of Israel had gone away.
  ¹⁰He arose and struck the Philistines until his hand was weary, and his hand froze to the sword; and the LORD worked a great victory that day; and the people returned after him only to take plunder.
  Publisher text Rights & provenance
- 2SA 23:11–12, engwebp
  ¹¹After him was Shammah the son of Agee, a Hararite. The Philistines had gathered together into a troop where there was a plot of ground full of lentils; and the people fled from the Philistines.
  ¹²But he stood in the middle of the plot and defended it, and killed the Philistines; and the LORD worked a great victory.
  Publisher text Rights & provenance
- 2SA 23:18–19, engwebp
  ¹⁸Abishai, the brother of Joab, the son of Zeruiah, was chief of the three. He lifted up his spear against three hundred and killed them, and had a name among the three.
  ¹⁹Wasn’t he most honorable of the three? Therefore he was made their captain. However he wasn’t included as one of the three.
  Publisher text Rights & provenance
- 2SA 23:20–23, engwebp
  ²⁰Benaiah the son of Jehoiada, the son of a valiant man of Kabzeel, who had done mighty deeds, killed the two sons of Ariel of Moab. He also went down and killed a lion in the middle of a pit in a time of snow.
  ²¹He killed a huge Egyptian, and the Egyptian had a spear in his hand; but he went down to him with a staff and plucked the spear out of the Egyptian’s hand, and killed him with his own spear.
  ²²Benaiah the son of Jehoiada did these things, and had a name among the three mighty men.
  ²³He was more honorable than the thirty, but he didn’t attain to the three. David set him over his guard.
  Publisher text Rights & provenance
- 2SA 23:24–39, engwebp
  ²⁴Asahel the brother of Joab was one of the thirty: Elhanan the son of Dodo of Bethlehem,
  ²⁵Shammah the Harodite, Elika the Harodite,
  ²⁶Helez the Paltite, Ira the son of Ikkesh the Tekoite,
  ²⁷Abiezer the Anathothite, Mebunnai the Hushathite,
  ²⁸Zalmon the Ahohite, Maharai the Netophathite,
  ²⁹Heleb the son of Baanah the Netophathite, Ittai the son of Ribai of Gibeah of the children of Benjamin,
  ³⁰Benaiah a Pirathonite, Hiddai of the brooks of Gaash.
  ³¹Abialbon the Arbathite, Azmaveth the Barhumite,
  ³²Eliahba the Shaalbonite, the sons of Jashen, Jonathan,
  ³³Shammah the Hararite, Ahiam the son of Sharar the Ararite,
  ³⁴Eliphelet the son of Ahasbai, the son of the Maacathite, Eliam the son of Ahithophel the Gilonite,
  ³⁵Hezro the Carmelite, Paarai the Arbite,
  ³⁶Igal the son of Nathan of Zobah, Bani the Gadite,
  ³⁷Zelek the Ammonite, Naharai the Beerothite, armor bearers to Joab the son of Zeruiah,
  ³⁸Ira the Ithrite, Gareb the Ithrite,
  ³⁹and Uriah the Hittite: thirty-seven in all.
  Publisher text Rights & provenance
WEB names the same five men in 23:8–23 and the same thirty-one in 23:24–39, and reads 23:32 as “Eliahba the Shaalbonite, the sons of Jashen, Jonathan,” adding the sons of Jashen, who are not named; it closes 23:39 with “thirty-seven in all.” The Korean Revised Version reads 23:32 as 사알본 사람 엘리아바와 야센의 아들 요나단과, Eliahba the Shaalbonite and Jonathan the son of Jashen.
Source evidence (6)
AI-assisted comparison with the cited narrative; not independent historical verification.
- 2SA 23:8, engwebp
  ⁸These are the names of the mighty men whom David had: Josheb Basshebeth, a Tahchemonite, chief of the captains; he was called Adino the Eznite, who killed eight hundred at one time.
  Publisher text Rights & provenance
- 2SA 23:9–10, engwebp
  ⁹After him was Eleazar the son of Dodai the son of an Ahohite, one of the three mighty men with David when they defied the Philistines who were there gathered together to battle, and the men of Israel had gone away.
  ¹⁰He arose and struck the Philistines until his hand was weary, and his hand froze to the sword; and the LORD worked a great victory that day; and the people returned after him only to take plunder.
  Publisher text Rights & provenance
- 2SA 23:11–12, engwebp
  ¹¹After him was Shammah the son of Agee, a Hararite. The Philistines had gathered together into a troop where there was a plot of ground full of lentils; and the people fled from the Philistines.
  ¹²But he stood in the middle of the plot and defended it, and killed the Philistines; and the LORD worked a great victory.
  Publisher text Rights & provenance
- 2SA 23:18–19, engwebp
  ¹⁸Abishai, the brother of Joab, the son of Zeruiah, was chief of the three. He lifted up his spear against three hundred and killed them, and had a name among the three.
  ¹⁹Wasn’t he most honorable of the three? Therefore he was made their captain. However he wasn’t included as one of the three.
  Publisher text Rights & provenance
- 2SA 23:20–23, engwebp
  ²⁰Benaiah the son of Jehoiada, the son of a valiant man of Kabzeel, who had done mighty deeds, killed the two sons of Ariel of Moab. He also went down and killed a lion in the middle of a pit in a time of snow.
  ²¹He killed a huge Egyptian, and the Egyptian had a spear in his hand; but he went down to him with a staff and plucked the spear out of the Egyptian’s hand, and killed him with his own spear.
  ²²Benaiah the son of Jehoiada did these things, and had a name among the three mighty men.
  ²³He was more honorable than the thirty, but he didn’t attain to the three. David set him over his guard.
  Publisher text Rights & provenance
- 2SA 23:24–39, engwebp
  ²⁴Asahel the brother of Joab was one of the thirty: Elhanan the son of Dodo of Bethlehem,
  ²⁵Shammah the Harodite, Elika the Harodite,
  ²⁶Helez the Paltite, Ira the son of Ikkesh the Tekoite,
  ²⁷Abiezer the Anathothite, Mebunnai the Hushathite,
  ²⁸Zalmon the Ahohite, Maharai the Netophathite,
  ²⁹Heleb the son of Baanah the Netophathite, Ittai the son of Ribai of Gibeah of the children of Benjamin,
  ³⁰Benaiah a Pirathonite, Hiddai of the brooks of Gaash.
  ³¹Abialbon the Arbathite, Azmaveth the Barhumite,
  ³²Eliahba the Shaalbonite, the sons of Jashen, Jonathan,
  ³³Shammah the Hararite, Ahiam the son of Sharar the Ararite,
  ³⁴Eliphelet the son of Ahasbai, the son of the Maacathite, Eliam the son of Ahithophel the Gilonite,
  ³⁵Hezro the Carmelite, Paarai the Arbite,
  ³⁶Igal the son of Nathan of Zobah, Bani the Gadite,
  ³⁷Zelek the Ammonite, Naharai the Beerothite, armor bearers to Joab the son of Zeruiah,
  ³⁸Ira the Ithrite, Gareb the Ithrite,
  ³⁹and Uriah the Hittite: thirty-seven in all.
  Publisher text Rights & provenance
2 Samuel 23:11 names “Shammah the son of Agee, a Hararite”, and 23:33 “Shammah the Hararite”. Each names a Shammah the Hararite, and neither says whether they are the same man.
Source evidence (2)
AI-assisted comparison with the cited narrative; not independent historical verification.
- 2SA 23:11–12, engwebp
  ¹¹After him was Shammah the son of Agee, a Hararite. The Philistines had gathered together into a troop where there was a plot of ground full of lentils; and the people fled from the Philistines.
  ¹²But he stood in the middle of the plot and defended it, and killed the Philistines; and the LORD worked a great victory.
  Publisher text Rights & provenance
- 2SA 23:24–39, engwebp
  ²⁴Asahel the brother of Joab was one of the thirty: Elhanan the son of Dodo of Bethlehem,
  ²⁵Shammah the Harodite, Elika the Harodite,
  ²⁶Helez the Paltite, Ira the son of Ikkesh the Tekoite,
  ²⁷Abiezer the Anathothite, Mebunnai the Hushathite,
  ²⁸Zalmon the Ahohite, Maharai the Netophathite,
  ²⁹Heleb the son of Baanah the Netophathite, Ittai the son of Ribai of Gibeah of the children of Benjamin,
  ³⁰Benaiah a Pirathonite, Hiddai of the brooks of Gaash.
  ³¹Abialbon the Arbathite, Azmaveth the Barhumite,
  ³²Eliahba the Shaalbonite, the sons of Jashen, Jonathan,
  ³³Shammah the Hararite, Ahiam the son of Sharar the Ararite,
  ³⁴Eliphelet the son of Ahasbai, the son of the Maacathite, Eliam the son of Ahithophel the Gilonite,
  ³⁵Hezro the Carmelite, Paarai the Arbite,
  ³⁶Igal the son of Nathan of Zobah, Bani the Gadite,
  ³⁷Zelek the Ammonite, Naharai the Beerothite, armor bearers to Joab the son of Zeruiah,
  ³⁸Ira the Ithrite, Gareb the Ithrite,
  ³⁹and Uriah the Hittite: thirty-seven in all.
  Publisher text Rights & provenance

Both editions give the total at 23:39 as thirty-seven (이상 도합이 삼십 칠인, “thirty-seven in all”). The mighty men the Korean Revised Version names in 23:8–39 are thirty-six; WEB names the same thirty-six and the sons of Jashen (23:32). 23:11 and 23:33 each name a Shammah the Hararite. This collection records the names and the total as each edition gives them, does not make the names fit the total, and does not decide whether the two Shammahs are one man.

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[Bibliadatum entry report]

Entry: Shammah (the Hararite) (person-shammah-hararite)
Address: https://bibliadatum.org/en/wiki/person/shammah-hararite
Current wording: Named at 2 Samuel 23:33 as “Shammah the Hararite”. The name stands among those that 23:24–39 opens with “Asahel the brother of Joab was one of the thirty” and closes with “thirty-seven in all”. This collection keeps him apart from the Shammah the Hararite of 23:11 and does not decide whether they are the same man.
Cited evidence: 2SA 23:24–39, engwebp
Review state: ai-assisted / human-review-pending

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This collection records what the text says and does not settle interpretation. A report about a reading that divides opinion may be registered as an unresolved issue rather than corrected.